• E-ISSN 2583-0104
  • Follow us

International Journal of Preclinical and Clinical Research

Article

ENT Manifestations of COVID – 19: A Retrospective study
  • VIEWS 1151
  • PDF 509

International Journal of Preclinical and Clinical Research

DOI: 10.51131/IJPCCR/v2i3.27

Year: 2021, Volume: 2, Issue: 3, Pages: 67-72

Original Article

ENT Manifestations of COVID – 19: A Retrospective study

N B Prahlada1, Ramya Ravindra Kamath2*

1Professor, Department of ENT, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, 577502, Karnataka, India
2Postgraduate, Department of ENT, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, 577502, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]

Received Date:02 November 2021, Accepted Date:26 November 2021, Published Date:02 December 2021

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The novel COVID-19 infection was the cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. From an otorhinolaryngologist perspective, high index of suspicion for coronavirus infection is needed while encountering certain clinical presentations in OPD settings. This enables early detection and prompt treatment of affected individuals. To detect, analyse and discuss the different ear, nose, throat and laryngeal (ENT manifestations) reported in RT-PCR COVID-19 Positive patients at Basaveshvara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga. A retrospective observational cohort study carried out at Basaveshvara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga Karnataka from September 16, 2020 to October 31, 2020. Using a standard, predesigned questionnaire, clinical data was collected from these patients by telephone-based interview. Out of 420 patients diagnosed with Covid-19 infection, 55.9% presented with some ENT manifestation. Majority were male(n=165) and female were less common(n=70). The most common symptom was cough (50.21%), followed by sore throat (38.29%), odynophagia (34.04%), smell disorders (26.38%), taste disorders (20.85%), headache (8.93%), nasal obstruction (6.80%), rhinorrhoea (6.38%). Out of 235 patients with ENT symptoms, 111 patients had smell and/or taste disturbances. During pandemic, clinical diagnosis is an important tool for early diagnosis of asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic suspected Covid-19 patients when diagnostic tests are not available and/or unpredictable. There is scope for further research in development of rapid screening tools for detecting coronavirus infection based on highly suspicious ENT symptoms.

Keywords: ENT manifestations; COVID19; smell and taste disturbances

References

  1. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Atenei Parmensis. 2020;91(1):157–160.
  2. Mustafa MWM. Audiological profile of asymptomatic Covid-19 PCR-positive cases. Am J Otolaryngol. 2020;41(3):102483. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102483
  3. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507–513. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7
  4. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5
  5. BAG, DS, Aline D. Oral manifestation of Covid-19 as an inaugural symptom? Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery. 2020;26(2):18. doi: 10.1051/mbcb/2020011
  6. Riad A, Kassem I, Hockova B, Badrah M, Klugar M. Tongue ulcers associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A case series. Oral Diseases. 2020. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.13635
  7. Patel J, Woolley J. Necrotizing periodontal disease: Oral manifestation of COVID‐19. Oral Diseases. 2021;27(S3):768–769. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.13462
  8. Sinjari B, D’Ardes D, Santilli M, Rexhepi I, D’Addazio G, Carlo PD, et al. SARS-CoV-2 and Oral Manifestation: An Observational, Human Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(10):3218. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103218
  9. Carrillo-Larco RM, Altez-Fernandez C. Anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19: A systematic review. Wellcome Open Research. 2020;5:94. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15917.1
  10. Speth MM, Singer-Cornelius T, Oberle M, Gengler I, Brockmeier SJ, Sedaghat AR. Olfactory Dysfunction and Sinonasal Symptomatology in COVID-19: Prevalence, Severity, Timing, and Associated Characteristics. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2020;163(1):114–120. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599820929185
  11. Avci H, Karabulut B, Farasoglu A, Boldaz E, Evman M. Relationship between anosmia and hospitalisation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: an otolaryngological perspective. J Laryngol Otol . 2020;134:710–716.
  12. Vaira LA, Hopkins C, Petrocelli M, Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, Salzano G, et al. Smell and taste recovery in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a 60-day objective and prospective study. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 2020;134(8):703–709. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120001826
  13. Vaira LA, Deiana G, Fois AG, Pirina P, Madeddu G, Vito D, et al. Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: Single-center experience on 72 cases. Head Neck. 2020;42(6):1252–1258. doi: 10.1002/hed.26204
  14. Menni C&, Valdes AM, Freidin MB, Ganesh S, El-Sayed Moustafa JS, Visconti A, et al. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 2020.
  15. Hussain M, Mair M, Rea P. Epistaxis as a marker for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 status – a prospective study. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 2020;134(8):717–720. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120001863
  16. Dell’Era V, Dosdegani R, Valletti PA, Garzaro M. Epistaxis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Journal of International Medical Research. 2020;48(8):030006052095104. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520951040
  17. Trigo J, García-Azorín D, Planchuelo-Gómez Á, Martínez-Pías E, Talavera B, Hernández-Pérez I, et al. Factors associated with the presence of headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and impact on prognosis: a retrospective cohort study. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2020;21(1):94. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s10194-020-01165-8
  18. Grag K, Kumar Shubhanshu. Effect of Covid-19 in Otorhinolaryngology Practice: A Review. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. 2020. doi: 10.1007/s12070-020-02040-3
  19. Sakalli E, Temirbekov D, Bayri E, Alis EE, Erdurak SC, Bayraktaroglu M. Ear nose throat-related symptoms with a focus on loss of smell and/or taste in COVID-19 patients. American Journal of Otolaryngology. 2020;41(6):102622. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102622
  20. Gandhi P, Bafna R, Arabale G, Engineer S, Phadke S. Olfactory Device for Large Scale Pre-screening for COVID-19. Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering. 2020;5(2):237–240. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41403-020-00126-6
  21. Krajewska J, Krajewski W, Zub K, Zatoński T. COVID-19 in otolaryngologist practice: a review of current knowledge. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2020;277(7):1885–1897. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-05968-y
  22. Ai T, Yang Z, Hou H, Zhan C, Chen C, Lv W, et al. Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E32–E40. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200642
  23. Panda S, Mohamed A, Sikka K, Kanodia A, Sakthivel P, Thakar A, et al. Otolaryngologic Manifestation and Long-Term Outcome in Mild COVID-19: Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre in India. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. 2021;73(1):72–77. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-020-02217-w
  24. El-Anwar MW, Elzayat S, Fouad YA. ENT manifestation in COVID-19 patients. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2020;47(4):559–564. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2020.06.003

Copyright

© 2021 Prahlada & Kamath. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Basaveshwara Medical College & Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka.

  • 02 December 2021

Year: 2021, Volume: 2, Issue: 3


More articles

DON'T MISS OUT!

Subscribe now for latest articles and news.